»ç¼³ ±Û¾¾È®´ë±Û¾¾Ãà¼Ò½ºÅ©·¦

ÀÌÁ¦ ³²Àº°ÍÀº Èļ¼ÀÎ ÀçÆÇÀÌ´Ù...Amir Taheri

Written by. ¹Ì·¡Çѱ¹½Å¹®   ÀÔ·Â : 2003-12-15 ¿ÀÀü 10:38:00
°øÀ¯:
twitter facebook
¼Ò¼È´ñ±Û : 0
À̶óÅ©ÀεéÀÇ Èļ¼ÀÎ ½ÉÆÇ.....Amir Taheri

¼ö°³¿ù°£ÀÇ ÀÚ±âºÐ¼® ³¡¿¡, À̶óÅ© °úµµÅëÄ¡ À§¿øÈ¸°¡ ºØ±«ÇÑ ¹ÙÆ®´ç Á¤±ÇÀ» ¹ýÁ¤¿¡ ¼¼¿ï Áغñ°¡ µÈ °Í °°´Ù. ±× °áÁ¤Àº Áß¿äÇѵ¥, ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ´©°¡ ¾îµð¼­ ÀçÆÇÀ» ÁÖÀçÇÒ °ÍÀÎÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Åä·ÐÀÇ Á¾°áÀ» ÀǹÌÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. À§¿øÈ¸´Â À̶óÅ©ÀÎµé ½º½º·Î ±× ÀÓ¹«¸¦ ´Ù·ê ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÃæºÐÈ÷ ÀÚ½ÅÇÏ´Â °Í °°´Ù. ±× ÀçÆÇ¼Ò´Â ¹Ù±×´Ùµå¿¡¼­ À̶óÅ© ÆÇ»çµé¸¸À¸·Î ºÎÆÐ¿¡¼­ Àηù¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹üÁË¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö ¿©·¯ ÇøÀÇ¿¡ ´ëÇØ Èļ¼ÀÎ ÀÏ´çÀ» ½ÉÆÇÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

ÀÌ¹Ì ¿À·¡ ÁöüµÇ¾ú´Âµ¥µµ, À¯·´ ¿¬ÇÕ°ú À¯¿£Àº ±× °áÁ¤À» ºñÆÇÇß´Ù. À̵éÀº ÀçÆÇ¼Ò°¡ À¯¿£À» ¹èÁ¦ÇÏ°í ±¹Á¦ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼ö¶ôµÈ »ç¹ý ±Ô¹ü°ú °üÇàÀ» ¹«½ÃÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ºÒÆòÀÌ´Ù.

°úµµÅëÄ¡ À§¿øÈ¸´Â ºñÆÇ¿¡ ±Í¸¦ ±â¿ï¿©¾ß ÇÏÁö¸¸, ¿Ç´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

À¯¿£°ú À¯·´ ¿¬ÇÕÀº ¿©ÀüÈ÷ °úµµÅëÄ¡ À§¿øÈ¸¸¦ ÇÕ¹ýÀûÀÎ ±ÇÀ§·Î ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. À̵éÀº »ç´ã Èļ¼ÀÎ Á¤±ÇÀÇ ÃàÃâÀÌ À̶óÅ© ±¹¹ÎµéÀ» À§ÇÑ ÇØ¹æ ÇàÀ§¿´À½À» ÀÎÁ¤Çϱ⸦ ÁÖÀúÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ¾çÃø ¸ðµÎ À̶óÅ© ±¹¹Îµé¿¡°Ô ¹½À» Ç϶ó°í ¸»ÇÒ µµ´öÀû ±ÇÀ§¸¦ ÁÖÀåÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

À̶óÅ© ±¹¹ÎµéÀÌ À¯¿£À̳ª À¯·´ ¿¬ÇÕÀ» ½Å·ÚÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ÀÌÀ¯°¡ ¾ø´Ù. ±×µéÀº Èļ¼ÀÎÀÇ ¹üÁË ÇàÀ§µéÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ·Á°í ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. »ç½Ç, ÀϺΠÀ¯·´ ¿¬ÇÕ È¸¿ø±¹Àº À¯¿£ÀÌ Èļ¼Àΰú 13³â°£ ¼­·Î À¸¸£··°Å¸®´Â µ¿¾È Èļ¼ÀÎÀÌ Á×À½ÀÇ ±â°è¸¦ ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀ» µµ¿Ô´Ù.

¶ÇÇÑ À̶óÅ© ±¹¹ÎµéÀº ¼­¹æÀÇ ¿©·ÐÀ» ´ëÇ¥ÇÑ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¸»µµ µéÀ» Çʿ䰡 ¾ø´Ù.

¼­¹æÀÇ ¿©·ÐÀÌ À̶óÅ© Àü¹ü ÀçÆÇ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¡°Àǹ®½Ã¡± ÇÒÁöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù´Â ÁÖÀåÀº ±Ù°Å ¾ø´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ ¼­¹æÀÇ ¿©·ÐÀ» À̽½¶÷ÁÖÀÇÀÚ¿Í ½ºÅ»¸°ÁÖÀÇÀÚµéÀÌ »õ·Î °á¼ºÇÑ µ¿¸ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̶ó ÇÑ´Ù¸é, À̵é À̽½¶÷ÁÖÀÇÀÚ¿Í ½ºÅ»¸°ÁÖÀÇÀÚµéÀº »ç´ã Èļ¼ÀÎÀÌ È­Çй«±â·Î ¼öõ¸íÀÇ ¿©ÀÚ ¹× ¾î¸°À̵éÀ» Á×À̰í, Áý´Ü ¸ÅÀåÁö¿¡ ÆÄ¹¯¾úÀ» ¶§ Ç×ÀÇ ÇàÁø Çѹø ÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù´Â °É ±â¾ïÇÏ´Â °Í¸¸À¸·Î ÃæºÐÇÏ´Ù.

±×·¯³ª ¡°¼­¹æ ¿©·Ð¡±Àº Èļ¼ÀÎÀÇ ¸ô¶ôÀ» ¾ÖµµÇϰí À̶óÅ© ÇØ¹æÀ» ºñ³­ÇÏ´Â ÇàÁøÀº ¼ö½Ê Â÷·Ê³ª ¹ú¿´´Ù. ÀÌ ¡°¼­¹æ ¿©·Ð¡±Àº Èļ¼ÀÎ À» ¿åÇÏ´À´Ï Â÷¶ó¸® ºÎ½Ã¿Í ºí·¹¾î, ±×¸®°í Àü À̶óÅ© ±¹¹ÎÀ» ¹ýÀÇ ½ÉÆÇ´ë¿¡ ¼¼¿ì·Á ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

µû¶ó¼­, °úµµÅëÄ¡ À§¿øÈ¸´Â ±× ÀçÆÇÀÌ ÃÖ°íÀÇ »ç¹ý ±âÁØ¿¡ µû¸¥´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» È®½ÇÈ÷ ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

¿ì¼±, ÀçÆÇ¼Ò´Â Èļ¼ÀÎ À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ Àü Á¤±ÇÀÇ ÃÖ°íÀ§ °ü¸®µé·Î ¹üÀ§¸¦ Á¦ÇÑÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

¼­·ù»óÀ¸·Î, ±¸ Á¤±ÇÀº µå³ÐÀº ±â¹ÝÀ» ÀÚ¶ûÇÑ´Ù. ¹ÙÆ®´ç¿¡´Â ´ç¿øÀÌ 1¹é¸¸ ¸í ÀÌ»óÀ̾ú´Ù. ¼ö¹é¸¸ ¸íÀÌ µ¿¾÷Á¶ÇÕ, Á÷´ÉÇùȸ ¹× û³â Á¶Á÷ µîÀ» ÅëÇØ ¹ÙÆ®´ç°ú ¿¬°èµÇ¾î ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. Èļ¼ÀÎ °°Àº µ¶Àç Á¤±Ç¿¡¼­´Â Áý±Ç´ç¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹æÇØ ¹ÞÁö ¾Ê°í´Â Á¤»óÀûÀÎ »îÀ» »ì¾Æ°¡´Â °ÍÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.

ÇÏÁö¸¸, ÀÚ¼¼È÷ µé¿©´Ù º¸¸é, Èļ¼ÀÎ Á¤±ÇÀÇ °áÁ¤ °úÁ¤¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÑ ÃÖÃø±Ù ±×·ìÀÌ µå·¯³­´Ù. Èļ¼ÀÎÀº Â÷³² Äí»çÀ̸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇÑ ´©±¸µµ ¹ÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. Èļ¼ÀÎ Àº 1980³âÀÇ À̶õ ħ°ø À̶óµç°¡ 1990³â Äí¿þÀÌÆ® ÇÕº´ °°Àº Áß¿ä °áÁ¤À» ¾î´À ´©±¸¿¡°Ôµµ ¹Ì¸® ¾Ë·ÁÁÖÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.

°úµµÅëÄ¡ À§¿øÈ¸´Â ÀçÆÇ ¹üÀ§¸¦ Èļ¼ÀÎÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ 10¿©¸íÀÇ °íÀ§ °ü¸®µé·Î Á¼Èú ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×µéÀÌ ¹Þ´Â ÀçÆÇÀº »ç½Ç»ó Àüü ¹ÙÆ®´ç Á¤±Ç ¹× 35³â°£ ÀúÁö¸¥ ¹üÁË¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀçÆÇÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

À̶óÅ©´Â ¹ÙÆ®´ç Á¤±Ç À¯Áö¸¦ µµ¿ÍÁØ Áß°£±Þ °ü¸®µéµµ ó¸®ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À̵éÀº 3õ¸í °¡·®À¸·Î, ³²¾Æ°øÀÇ ¡°Áø½Ç°ú È­ÇØ À§¿øÈ¸¡± °°Àº Ưº° ±â±¸¸¦ ÅëÇØ ´Ù·ê ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¼öõ¸íÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ °è¼ÓÇØ¼­ ÆÇ»çµé ¾Õ¿¡ ¼­¾ß ÇÏ´Â ³¡¾ø´Â ÀçÆÇÀº ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù.

³ª¸ÓÁö »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô´Â, À§¿øÈ¸°¡ ÇØ¹æ Àü ÀÚÇàµÈ Á¤Ä¡Àû ¹üÁ˸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ÀÏ¹Ý »ç¸éÀ» ÁغñÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·± Á¶Ä¡´Â Ⱦ·É, °í¹®, °­°£, À¯±«, °³ÀÎ Àç»êÀÇ ¸ô¼ö ¹× °¥Ãë µî°ú °°Àº ¹üÁË¿¡ °ü·ÃµÈ À̵鿡°Ô ºñÁ¤Ä¡Àû ÇøÀǸ¦ Àû¿ëÇϴµ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÈ´Ù.

ÀçÆÇ ¹× À§¿øÈ¸´Â °ø°³ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ïÁ®¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀçÆÇ¼Ò´Â Àü Á¤±ÇÀÇ ÁöµµÀÚµéÀÌ ½º½º·Î º¯È£»ç¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï Çã¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

ÀçÆÇ¼Ò´Â ¶ÇÇÑ Èļ¼ÀÎÀÇ È­ÇÐ °ø°ÝÀ¸·Î Á×Àº ¼öõ¸íÀÇ À̶õÀÎµé ¹× Èļ¼ÀÎÀÇ ºÎÇϵ鿡°Ô ÇÇ»ì ´çÇÑ ¼ö¹é¸íÀÇ Äí¿þÀÌÆ®ÀεéÀÇ °¡Á·À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¿Ü±¹ ½Ã¹ÎµéÀÇ Áõ¾ðµµ µé¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

À¯¿£, À¯·´ ¿¬ÇÕ ¹× ±âŸ °ü½É ÀÖ´Â ¿Ü±¹ ±â°üµéÀÌ ÀçÆÇ¿¡ ¿É¼­¹ö¸¦ ÆÄ°ßÇÏÁö ¸øÇÒ ÀÌÀ¯´Â ¾ø´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¸í·áÇÑ ¹ýÄ¢¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇØ ÁøÇàµÇ´Â ÀçÆÇ °úÁ¤À» ¿Ü±¹ ¾ð·Ðµéµµ ÃëÀç ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

ÀçÆÇ °úÁ¤ÀÌ TV·Î »ýÁß°è µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÏ´ÂÁö¿¡ °üÇØ¼­´Â ³íÀǰ¡ ÁøÇàÁßÀÌ´Ù.

ÀϺΠÀ̶óÅ© ±¹¹ÎµéÀº »ýÁß°è°¡ ±ºÁÖÁ¦ ÀÌÈÄ À̶óÅ©ÀÇ Ã¹ µ¶ÀçÀÚ¿´´ø ¾ÐµÑ Ä«¸² Ä«¼ÀÀÌ Á¶Á÷ÇÑ °¡Â¥ ÀçÆÇÀ» »ó±â½Ãų ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù°í ¹Ï´Â´Ù.

±×·¯³ª, ´Ù¸¥ À̶óÅ©Àεé Àº »ýÁß°è°¡ À̶óÅ©ÀÎµé »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±¹Á¦»çȸ¿¡µµ ±³À°Àû ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÙ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù. ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ÀϺΠ, ƯÈ÷ ¼­¹æ¿¡¼­´Â Èļ¼ÀÎÀÌ Àηù ¿ª»ç»ó °¡Àå ÃßÀâÇÏ¸ç ¾Ç¸í ³ôÀº Á¤±Ç Áß ÇϳªÀÇ ¼ö±«¿´´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¹ÏÀ¸·Á ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

À̶óÅ©¿¡¼­ ³íÀÇÁßÀÎ ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ À̽´´Â Á¤½Ä Á¤ºÎ°¡ Ãâ¹üÇϱâ Àü¿¡ ÀçÆÇÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´À³Ä ÀÌ´Ù. ÀϺο¡¼­´Â ÀçÆÇÀÌ Á¡·É±¹ÀÇ µµ±¸·Î¼­ Á¦°øµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±× ÁÖÀåÀº À̶óÅ© ÆÇ»çµé¸¸À¸·Î ¹ýÁ¤ÀÌ ±¸¼ºµÉ °ÍÀ̶õ »ç½Ç·Î ¹Ý¹ÚµÈ´Ù.

ºÐ¸í ¾î·Æ±ä ÇÏÁö¸¸, ÀçÆÇÀ» °¡´ÉÇÑ ÇÑ »¡¸® ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â °Ô ÃÖ¼±ÀÌ´Ù. ¼±°ÅöÀÌ µÇ¸é, ÀÌ ¹®Á¦´Â ´çÆÄÀûÀÎ À̽´°¡ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀϺο¡¼­´Â ¹ÙÆ®´çÀÇ ¹üÁË¿¡ º¹¼öÇÏ·Á´Â ¡°Çǹٴ١±¸¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ°í ´Ù¸¥ ÂÊ¿¡¼­´Â ¹«Á¦ÇÑÀûÀÎ ¿ë¼­¸¦ ¾ê±âÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·± ³íÀÇ´Â ´Ü°áÀÌ Àý´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ½Ã±â¿¡ »ç¶÷µéÀ» °¥¶ó ³õÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

ÀçÆÇÀ» Áö±Ý ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ³»³â Á߹ݱîÁö ¼ö¸³µÉ ÀÓ½ÃÁ¤ºÎ·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý °ú°Åº¸´Ù´Â ¹Ì·¡¿¡ ÃÊÁ¡À» ¸ÂÃßµµ·Ï µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

¹ø¿ª:  ¹Ì·¡Á¤°æ¿¬±¸¼Ò


AFTER months of soul- searching, it now seems certain that the Iraq Governing Council is prepared to put the fallen Ba`athist regime on trial. The decision is important because it ends the debate over who should hold the trials and where.
The council seems confident enough that the Iraqis can handle the task themselves: No need for a court outside Iraq, with foreign judges. The tribunal will sit in Baghdad, with only Iraqi judges to try Saddam and his associates on charges ranging from corruption to crimes against humanity.

Although long overdue, the decision has drawn criticism from the European Union and the United Nations. Their beef: The tribunal would exclude the U.N. and ignore internationally accepted judicial norms and practices.

The Governing Council should note the criticism - but do what it thinks right.

The U.N. and E.U., after all, still refuse to recognize the Governing Council as a legitimate authority. Both are reluctant to acknowledge that the toppling of Saddam`s regime was an act of liberation for the Iraqi people. Thus neither can claim moral authority in telling the Iraqis what to do.

There is no reason why the Iraqis should trust the U.N. or the E.U. - they did nothing to curb Saddam`s criminal activities. In fact, several EU members helped Saddam build his death machine while the UN played cat-and-mouse with him for 13 years.

Nor should Iraqis take notice of those who claim to represent public opinion in the West.

The suggestion that Western opinion may regard an Iraqi tribunal as "questionable" is neither here nor there. If by "Western opinion" one means the newly created coalition of Islamists and Stalinists, plus the usual fellow-travelers, it is enough to remember that it never organized a single protest march when Saddam was killing thousands of women and children with his chemical weapons, and filling all those mass graves.

But "Western opinion" has held marches to lament the demise of Saddam and denounce the liberation of Iraq, in the words of the British playwright Harold Pinter, as "a blood-drinking tea-party" by President George W Bush and Prime Minister Tony Blair. This "Western opinion" would rather put Bush and Blair, and the entire Iraqi people, on trial than utter a harsh word against Saddam.

Having said all that, the Governing Council should make sure that the tribunal conforms to the highest standards of justice.

To start with, the tribunal must limit its scope to the former regime`s most senior officials, including Saddam.

On paper, the old regime boasted a wide base. The Ba`ath Party had more than 1 million members. Millions more were linked to it via trade unions, professional associations and youth organizations. In despotic regimes such as Saddam`s it is impossible to live anything resembling a normal life without being sullied by the party in power.

A closer look, however, would reveal the narrowness of the regime`s decision-making apparatus. Saddam trusted no one, except (perhaps) his second son, Qusay. He never informed anyone of major decisions, such as invading Iran in 1980 and annexing Kuwait in 1990, in advance.

His was more of a one-man-show than Stalin`s in the USSR.

The Governing Council would do well to narrow the tribunal`s scope to no more than a dozen or so senior figures, including Saddam. Their trial would, in fact, be the trial of the whole Ba`athist regime and its 35-year criminal record.

Iraq will also have to deal with mid-ranking officials who helped keep the Ba`ath machine in operation. These may number around 3,000 and could be dealt with through a special body, modeled on South Africa`s post-Apartheid "truth and reconciliation" commission. Iraq does not need endless trials in which thousands of people are paraded in front of judges for months if not years.

For the rest, the council should prepare a general amnesty covering political crimes committed before the liberation. This would make it possible to bring non-political charges against those involved in other crimes, such as embezzlement, torture, rape, kidnapping, confiscation of private property and racketeering.

The work of the tribunal and the commission should take place in public. The tribunal should allow the leaders of the former regime to choice their own defense lawyers, including from among European jurists.

The tribunal should also invite testimony by foreign citizens, including the families of tens of thousands of Iranians killed in Saddam`s chemical attack, and of hundreds of Kuwaitis murdered by Saddam`s henchmen in cold blood.

There is no reason why the U.N., the E.U. and other interested foreign organizations should not send observers to the tribunal while the international media is allowed to cover the proceedings on the basis of clear rules.

Whether or not the proceedings should be telecast live is still being debated.

Some Iraqis believe that live telecasts could remind the nation of the show trials organized by Abdul-Karim Qassem, the first post-monarchy dictator of Iraq.

Others, however, insist that live telecasts would have an educational impact, both for the Iraqis themselves and the international public at large. There are still people, especially in the West, who refuse to believe that Saddam headed one of the nastiest regimes in human history.

Another issue debated in Iraq is whether or not to get the tribunal started before an elected government is in place. Some argue that the tribunal may be presented as an instrument of the occupying powers. But that claim could be countered by the fact that the tribunal will have only Iraqi judges.

Despite the obvious difficulties involved, it is best is to start the tribunal as soon as possible. In an electoral atmosphere, the issue could become a partisan one, with some demanding a "sea of blood" to avenge the crimes of Ba`ath while others preach limitless forgiveness. Such a debate could divide the people at a time it needs to remain united in a delicate period of transition.

Holding the tribunal now would enable the interim government that is to be installed by the middle of next year to focus its attention on the future, rather than the past
¾Èº¸°¡ ¹Ù·Î¼­¾ß ³ª¶ó°¡ ¹Ù·Î¼±´Ù
°ü·Ã±â»çº¸±â
facebook twitter Ã¥°¥ÇÇÀúÀå ¸ÞÀϺ¸³»±â
¼Ò¼È´ñ±Û
·Î±×Àμ±ÅÃÇÏ±â Æ®À§ÅÍ ÆäÀ̽ºº¹
¿øÇÏ´Â °èÁ¤À¸·Î ·Î±×ÀÎ ÈÄ ´ñ±ÛÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ¿© Áֽʽÿä.
ÀÔ·Â
    • ÀÔ·Â µÈ 100ÀÚ ÀǰßÀÌ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
1
·Î±×ÀÎÇϼ¼¿ä ´Ý±â